Analisis Korelasi HbA1c dengan Mean Platelet Volume dan Platelet Distribution Width pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Andi Dinda Azzahra; Citra Amaniah Anhar; Nova Hardianto

doi:10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2169

Analisis Korelasi HbA1c dengan Mean Platelet Volume dan Platelet Distribution Width pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2

Andi Dinda Azzahra, Citra Amaniah Anhar, Nova Hardianto

Abstract

Controlling blood glucose levels is the main key in treating and preventing diabetic vascular complications. However, routine monitoring of glycemic status using standard HbA1c markers is still hampered by limited costs and health facilities. The platelet index is considered to have potential as a predictor of vascular complications in DM patients. This study aims to examine the correlation of HbA1c with mean platelet volume (MPV) and platelet distribution width (PDW) in type 2 DM patients. This cross-sectional study used medical record data. The sample consisted of 60 patients with type 2 diabetes who received treatment at Pasar Rebo Regional General Hospital, Jakarta, in 2024. All patients had HbA1c levels above 6.5%. The proportion of patients with high MPV and PDW was 5% and 11.7%, respectively. Based on bivariate analysis with the Spearman test, there was a significant correlation between HbA1c levels and MPV values (p-value < 0.05; r = 0.561) and PDW values (p-value < 0.05; r = 0.433). A strong positive correlation was observed between HbA1c levels and MPV values and a moderate positive correlation between HbA1c levels and PDW values, indicating that an increase in HbA1c levels tends to be accompanied by an increase in MPV and PDW values.

Keywords

Type 2 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c; MPV; PDW

Full Text:

PDF

References

International Diabetes Federation. Diabetes atlas [Internet]. 11th ed. Magliano DJ, Boyko EJ, Genitsaridi I, Piemonte L, Riley P, Salpea P, editor. 2025. Tersedia pada: https://diabetesatlas.org/resources/idf-diabetes-atlas-2025/

Yang D-R, Wang M-Y, Zhang C-L, Wang Y. Endothelial dysfunction in vascular complications of diabetes: a comprehensive review of mechanisms and implications. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2024;Volume 15. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2024.1359255

Alobaid T, Karalliedde J, O’Connell MDL, Gnudi L, Sheehan K, Lim KK, et al. The prevalence and progression of microvascular complications and the interaction with ethnicity and socioeconomic status in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Diabetes Res [Internet]. 1 Januari 2025;2025(1):1–10. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1155/jdr/3307594

Hafidh K, Malek R, Al-Rubeaan K, Kok A, Bayram F, Echtay A, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of vascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus: results from discover Middle East and Africa cohort. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) [Internet]. 2022;Volume 13. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.940309

Russo MP, Grande-Ratti MF, Burgos MA, Molaro AA, Bonella MB. Prevalence of diabetes, epidemiological characteristics and vascular complications. Arch Cardiol México (English ed Internet) [Internet]. 2023;93(1):29–34. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.24875/ACME.M23000372

Ling W, Huang Y, Huang Y-M, Fan R-R, Sui Y, Zhao H-L. Global trend of diabetes mortality attributed to vascular complications, 2000–2016. Cardiovasc Diabetol [Internet]. 2020;19(1):182. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-020-01159-5

Soelistijo SA, Suastika K, Lindarto D, Decroli E, Permana H, Sucipto KW, et al. Pedoman pengelolaan dan pencegahan diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia 2024 [Internet]. PB Perkeni; 2024. Tersedia pada: https://pbperkeni.or.id/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/DMT2-2024-Protected.pdf

Jena S, Raizada N, Kalra S, Bhattacharya S. Platelet indices as predictors of glycaemic status and complications in diabetes mellitus. Apollo Med [Internet]. 19 Februari 2025;22(3):214–9. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1177/09760016251317265

Pogorzelska K, Krętowska A, Krawczuk-Rybak M, Sawicka-Żukowska M. Characteristics of platelet indices and their prognostic significance in selected medical condition – a systematic review. Adv Med Sci [Internet]. 2020;65(2):310–5. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advms.2020.05.002

Kelem A, Adane T, Shiferaw E. Insulin resistance-induced platelet hyperactivity and a potential biomarker role of platelet parameters: a narrative review. Diabetes, Metab Syndr Obes [Internet]. 2023;16(September):2843–53. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S425469

Ghoshal K, Bhattacharyya M. Overview of platelet physiology: its hemostatic and nonhemostatic role in disease pathogenesis. Sci World J [Internet]. 1 Januari 2014;2014(1):781857. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/781857

Korniluk A, Koper-Lenkiewicz OM, Kamińska J, Kemona H, Dymicka-Piekarska V. Mean platelet volume (mpv): new perspectives for an old marker in the course and prognosis of inflammatory conditions. Mediators Inflamm [Internet]. 2019;2019. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/9213074

Dahlan MS. Besar sampel dan cara pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian kedokteran dan kesehatan. Jakarta: Salemba Medika; 2016.

Noviyanti K, Widyastiti NS, Hendrianingtyas M. Hubungan kontrol glikemik dengan indeks trombosit dan kadar soluble platelet selectin (sp-selectin) pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (dmt2). Intisari Sains Medis [Internet]. 2022;13(2):643–8. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.15562/ism.v13i2.1336

Demirin H, Ozhan H, Ucgun T, Celer A, Bulur S, Cil H, et al. Normal range of mean platelet volume in healthy subjects: insight from a large epidemiologic study. Thromb Res [Internet].2011;128(4):358–60.Tersediapada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.thromres.2011.05.007

Aktas F, Aktuglu MB. Evaluation of the relation between hba1c and mpv, pdw levels of patients with type 2 diabetes admitted in internal medicine polyclinics. North Clin Istanbul [Internet]. 2023;10(5):681–6. Tersedia pada: https://dx.doi.org/10.14744/nci.2023.01205

Komariah, Rahayu S. Hubungan usia, jenis kelamin dan indeks massa tubuh dengan kadar gula darah puasa pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Klinik Pratama Rawat Jalan Proklamasi, Depok, Jawa Barat. J Kesehat Kusuma Husada [Internet]. 2020;11(1):41–50. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.34035/jk.v11i1.412

Arania R, Triwahyuni T, Esfandiari F, Nugraha FR. Hubungan antara usia, jenis kelamin, dan tingkat pendidikan dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus di Klinik Mardi Waluyo Lampung Tengah. J Med Malahayati [Internet]. 2021;5(3):147–53. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.33024/jmm.v5i3.4200

Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan. Survei kesehatan Indonesia (ski) 2023 dalam angka [Internet]. 2023. Tersedia pada: https://layanandata.kemkes.go.id/katalog-data/ski/ketersediaan-data/ski-2023

Kautzky-Willer A, Harreiter J, Pacini G. Sex and gender differences in risk, pathophysiology and complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Endocr Rev [Internet]. 2016;37(3):278–316. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1210/er.2015-1137

Kautzky-Willer A, Leutner M, Harreiter J. Sex differences in type 2 diabetes. Diabetologia [Internet]. 2023;66:986–1002. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-023-05891-x

Susilawati, Rista R. Hubungan usia, jenis kelamin dan hipertensi dengan kejadian diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Puskesmas Tugu Kecamatan Cimanggis Kota Depok. Arsip Kesehat Masy [Internet]. 2021;6(Juni):15–22. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.22236/arkesmas.v6i1.5829

Yan Z, Cai M, Han X, Chen Q, Lu H. The interaction between age and risk factors for diabetes and prediabetes: a community-based cross-sectional study. Diabetes, Metab Syndr Obes [Internet]. 31 Desember 2023;16(null):85–93. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S390857

Mordarska K, Godziejewska-Zawada M. Diabetes in the elderly. Menopause Rev Menopauzalny [Internet]. 2017;16(2):38–43. Tersedia pada: http://dx.doi.org/10.5114/pm.2017.68589

Sherwani SI, Khan HA, Ekhzaimy A, Masood A, Sakharkar MK. Significance of hba1c test in diagnosis and prognosis of diabetic patients. Biomark Insights [Internet]. 2016;11:95–104. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.4137/BMI.S38440

Taderegew MM, Woldeamanuel GG, Emeria MS, Tilahun M, Yitbarek GY, Zegeye B. Platelet indices and its association with microvascular complications among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in northeast Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study. Diabetes, Metab Syndr Obes Targets Ther [Internet]. 2021;14:865–74. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S300460

Reddy KS, Bentoor SN, Sakthivadivel V. Platelet indices as an accouterment for monitoring short-term glycemic levels and as an economical alternative to hba1c. J Fam Med Prim Care [Internet]. 2023;12(3). Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1717_22

Haile K, Kedir R, Timerga A, Mose A, Arkew M. Role of platelet indices as diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for comorbidity of diabetes and metabolic syndrome in southern Ethiopia: a comparative cross-sectional study. PLoS One [Internet]. 11 November 2022;17(11):e0277542. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277542

Gacuta KM, Koper-Lenkiewicz OM, Milewska AJ, Ćwiklińska-Dworakowska M, Matowicka-Karna J, Kamińska J. Associations between mean platelet volume and various factors in type 2 diabetes patients: a single-center study from Poland. Med Sci Monit [Internet]. 2023;29:1–15. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.12659/msm.941109

Khanna P, Salwan SK, Sharma A. Correlation of platelet indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated microvascular complications: a hospital-based, prospective, case-control study. Cureus [Internet]. 2024;16(3):e55959. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.55959

Sahid M, Saroh D. The relationship of hba1c with mean platelet volume (mpv) in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Indones J Glob Heal Res [Internet]. 2023;5(4):665–72. Tersedia pada: https://jurnal.globalhealthsciencegroup.com/index.php/IJGHR/article/view/2200/1788

Bhutto AR, Abbasi A, Abro AH. Correlation of hemoglobin a1c with red cell width distribution and other parameters of red blood cells in type II diabetes mellitus. Cureus [Internet]. 2019;11(8):1–7. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.5533

Kaur R, Kaur M, Singh J. Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies. Cardiovasc Diabetol [Internet]. 2018;17(1):1–17. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-018-0763-3

Cassano V, Armentaro G, Iembo D, Miceli S, Fiorentino T V., Succurro E, et al. Mean platelet volume (mpv) as new marker of diabetic macrovascular complications in patients with different glucose homeostasis: platelets in cardiovascular risk. Cardiovasc Diabetol [Internet]. 2024;23(1):1–10. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02177-3

DOI: https://doi.org/10.30602/jlk.v9i1.2169