Analisis Spasial dan Gambaran Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Perbatasan

Ria Risti Komala Dewi, Selviana Selviana

Abstract


Abstract: Spatial Analysis and Description of the Event of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Communities in the Border Areas. Pulmonary TB is an easily transmitted disease from year to year. Pulmonary TB is still a global concern, including in West Kalimantan Province, especially Sintang District. One of the puskesmas with TB cases is always high, Sepauk Health Center. A simple Information System makes it difcult for health workers to identify locations of patients with pulmonary TB based on the condition of the physical environment of the house making it difcult to intervene. This study aims to obtain a spatial picture, the condition of the physical environment of the house and the incidence of pulmonary TB in the working area of Sepauk Health Center. This type of research is an observational descriptive survey with a sample of 23 cases, with a total sampling technique. The results of the spatial picture of the study showed that the areas with high risk of pulmonary TB occurring were Lengkenat Village by 44%, while the Nanga Sepauk Village, Sepulut Village, Tanjung Ria Village, and Tanjung Hulu Village were 13%, Kapuas village was 4%. The pattern of the spread of cases of pulmonary TB occurs around the river flow. Most pulmonary TB sufferers live in environmental conditions that do not meet requirements such as lighting (73.9%), temperature (73.9%), humidity (91.3%), and occupancy density (65.2%). It is expected that the Health Ofce and Puskesmas will be more active in providing health counseling specifcally about the importance of paying attention to the physical environment of the house to overcome the spread of transmission of pulmonary TB. 

Abstrak: Analisis Spasial dan Gambaran Kejadian Tuberkulosis Paru pada Masyarakat di Wilayah Perbatasan. TB Paru merupakan penyakit yang mudah menular dari tahun ke tahun. TB Paru masih menjadi perhatian dunia termasuk di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat khususnya Kabupaten Sintang. Salah satu puskesmas yang kasus TB Parunya selalu tinggi adalah Puskesmas Sepauk. Sistem Informasi yang sederhana menyebabkan sulitnya petugas kesehatan mengidentifkasi lokasi penderita TB Paru berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan fisik rumah sehingga menyulitkan dalam melakukan intervensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran spasial, kondisi lingkungan fsik rumah dan kejadian TB Paru di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sepauk. Jenis penelitian ini bersifat survey deskriptif observasional dengan sampel sebanyak 23 kasus, dengan teknik total sampling. Hasil gambaran spasial penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daerah wilayah yang berisiko tinggi terjadi TB Paru adalah Desa Lengkenat sebesar 44%, sedangkan Desa Nanga Sepauk, Desa Sepulut, Desa Tanjung Ria, dan Desa Tanjung Hulu sebesar 13%, Desa temiang Kapuas sebesar 4%. Pola penyebaran kasus TB Paru terjadi disekitar aliran sungai. Penderita TB paru sebagian besar tinggal di kondisi lingkungan yang tidak memenuhi syarat seperti pencahayaan (73,9%), suhu (73,9%), kelembaban (91,3%), dan kepadatan hunian (65,2%). Diharapkan kepada pihak Dinas Kesehatan dan Puskesmas lebih aktif dalam memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan khususnya tentang pentingnya memperhatikan kondisi lingkungan fsik rumah untuk mengatasi penyebaran penularan TB Paru.


Keywords


Tuberkulosis Paru; Analisis Spasial; Lingkungan

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30602/jvk.v5i1.210

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