SUPLEMENTASI ZAT BESI TERHADAP KADAR HEMOGLOBIN DAN DEPRESI POSTPARTUM

Rini Sulistiawati, Dianna Dianna, Henny Fitriani

Abstract


Latar Belakang: Depresi postpartum (PPD) merupakan gangguan suasana hati yang dapat muncul setelah melahirkan dan berdampak negatif terhadap kesehatan ibu serta tumbuh kembang anak. Defisiensi zat besi, yang sering terjadi akibat anemia postpartum, berperan dalam mekanisme biologis PPD melalui gangguan regulasi neurotransmiter dan kadar hemoglobin. Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas suplementasi zat besi dalam menurunkan gejala depresi postpartum di Kabupaten Kubu Raya. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi eksperimen semu dengan rancangan pre-posttest nonequivalent control group, dilaksanakan pada Juni hingga Agustus 2024 di Puskesmas Rasau Jaya dan Pal Sembilan. Sebanyak 52 ibu postpartum dipilih dengan teknik consecutive sampling dan dibagi secara merata menjadi kelompok intervensi dan kontrol. Kelompok intervensi mendapat suplementasi zat besi (Fe elemental 60 mg/hari selama 30 hari) serta edukasi gizi, sedangkan kelompok kontrol hanya menerima edukasi. Kadar hemoglobin dan gejala PPD (diukur dengan kuesioner PHQ-9) dievaluasi sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil: Suplementasi zat besi secara signifikan meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin (p=0,000) dan menurunkan skor PHQ-9 (p=0,000) pada kelompok intervensi. Terdapat korelasi signifikan antara peningkatan kadar hemoglobin dan penurunan skor depresi (p<0,001; R²=0,513). Kesimpulan: Suplementasi zat besi efektif dalam meningkatkan kadar hemoglobin dan menurunkan gejala depresi postpartum, sehingga penting untuk diterapkan dalam pelayanan kesehatan ibu masa nifas.


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30602/jkk.v11i2.1892

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